Philosophy

This topic explores the foundational philosophical traditions of the ancient world, focusing on Greek and Roman thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. You will examine early inquiries into ethics, metaphysics, and politics.

This topic covers major philosophical movements from the 20th century to the present, including analytic and continental traditions. You will examine modern debates on language, existence, power, and the nature of mind.

This topic investigates the nature, sources, limits, and justification of human knowledge. You will analyze debates surrounding skepticism, truth, belief, and how we distinguish justified knowledge from mere opinion.

This topic examines the concepts of right and wrong, moral duty, and human well-being. You will study major ethical frameworks—including utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics—and apply them to contemporary moral dilemmas.

This topic covers the philosophical developments of the Middle Ages, focusing on the synthesis of classical Greek thought with religious theology. You will study key thinkers like Augustine, Aquinas, and Avicenna.

This topic investigates the fundamental nature of reality, existence, and being. You will analyze concepts such as time, space, causality, identity, and the relationship between mind and physical matter.

This topic examines Western philosophy from the 17th through the 19th centuries, focusing on rationalism, empiricism, and the Enlightenment. You will study influential thinkers like Descartes, Hume, Kant, and Hegel.

This topic introduces the fundamental questions of human existence, knowledge, ethics, and reality. You will study the historical development of critical thinking and learn to analyze complex arguments systematically.

This topic explores the philosophical foundations, methods, and implications of scientific inquiry. You will examine the nature of scientific theories, the concept of objectivity, and the distinction between science and pseudoscience.

Philosophy of mind examines the nature of consciousness, mental functions, and their relationship to the physical body. You will understand key debates surrounding the mind-body problem, intentionality, artificial intelligence, and how subjective experience is conceptualized in cognitive science.

This field examines the philosophical analysis of religious concepts, beliefs, and arguments. Learners will evaluate classical arguments for the existence of God, the problem of evil, and the relationship between faith, reason, and morality.

This topic examines the theoretical foundations of government, justice, liberty, and authority. You will analyze historical and contemporary debates regarding the social contract, individual rights, democracy, and the role of the state.

This topic explores the ancient Hellenistic philosophy of Stoicism, focusing on the works of Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius. You will understand its practical ethics, logic, and techniques for cultivating resilience.